Understanding the Role of Digital Technologies in Education: A review

Education is widely recognized as an important factor in social progress and sustainable development. The United Nations, through its 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, emphasizes the importance of providing accessible, inclusive, and equitable education of good quality to people from all backgrounds. In this context, digital technology has gained considerable importance because it offers new ways of accessing information, sharing knowledge, and improving the learning process. Its applications also extend to environmental protection, where technological tools can help monitor pollution, identify emission sources, improve energy use, and support the adoption of cleaner alternatives.

The integration of technology into education has gradually changed the way teachers teach and students learn. The COVID-19 pandemic accelerated this change, as educational institutions increasingly relied on online platforms and digital resources to continue academic activities. Learning is no longer restricted to textbooks, printed notes, or classroom lectures. Students can now use computers, tablets, educational applications, and electronic books to prepare assignments, create presentations, conduct research, and explore subjects independently. These resources provide greater flexibility in accessing study materials and may reduce the need to carry large numbers of printed books. Digital platforms also enable communication between teachers and learners, encourage collaborative activities, and support the assessment of academic progress. However, their effectiveness depends on factors such as internet connectivity, access to suitable devices, digital skills, and the quality of educational content. This paper explores the role of digital technology.